Internal-combustion engine



May 29, 1928. 1,671,826

P. L. JOSLYN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE File'd Oct. 11, 1926 INVENTOR. F. LFJCISLYN ATTORNEY Patented May 29, 1928 y UNITED STATES PAUL LEO JOSLYN, OF SAN rEANcIsco, CALIFORNIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed October 11, 1926. Serial No. 140,972.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and has particular reference to that type of engine where'- in liquid fuel is injected into the cylinderin counter-distinction to the type of engine wherein a gaseous fuel is compressed and exploded by a spark or other ignition medium. i a

The principal object of this invention is to produce an internal combustion engine wherein a charge of liquid fuel is injected into the cylinder at atimewhen the piston reaches the inner end of the compression stroke, the air having been admitted to the i5 cylinder previous to the compression stroke, thus resulting in the ignitin of the fuel as soon as the same is inje'cte into the cylinder. i

A further object is to produce a condition 0 within an engine which will permit the perfeet combustion of a heavy fuel over long periods of time.

Another object is to produce an engine which eliminates the employment of complicated mechanism commonly employed in engines of this type.

A further object is to produce means whereby a standard form of engine may readily be converted into an engine employing my invention.

A still further object is to provide means whereby a perfect scavenging of the ignition chamber may be accomplished.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

The figure is a fragmentary detail view of the upper end of the piston and cylinder having my invention applied thereto.

It has been common to employ internal combustion engines utilizing liquid fuel'of the solid injection type, but it has been found from experience that engines of this type lose as high as forty per cent of their power through the imperfect combustion and scav: 50. enging, and consequently it is necessary to build much larger engines in order to secure a given horse power.

I have therefore provided an engine wherein it is possible to secure perfect combustion by setting up therein certain currents of air which not only assist in making a perfect combustion throughout the explosion period, but also assist in producing a perfect scavenging.

"In the. accompanying drawings wherein for thepurpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the

numeral 5 designates the customary cylin-' der of an. internal combustion engine and the numeral 6 a piston adapted to be reciprocated therein. Upon the cylinder 5, I position a head 7 having the customary water. jacket 8. Withinthe member 7 I. preferably form a conical-shaped combustion space" 9. The member 7 may be secured to thepiston 5 in any approved manner. j

A boss 11 formed upon the head 7 is adapted to accommodate a jet plug 12 which maybe secured therein in any desiredmanner; This plug has a tip 13 which extends into the combustion chamber 9 quitean ap preeiable distance.

By viewing the fi ure it will be seen that the contour of the p ug 12 is such that when it is placed in position, the wall thereof joins the wall of the combustion chamber in such a manner as to form a semi-circular cavity at all points around the plug.

It will also be noted by viewing the figure that the position of the tip is such that oil issuing from the nozzle 14 in the form of a spray, will have its boundary parallel to the walls of the combustion chamber, the reason for which will be later seen. The nozzle 14 carried in the block 12 is fed by a passage 16 extending upwardly into the valve housing 17 within which a valve is positioned while a pipe 18 conducts fuel oil to the housin 17.

The operation of my engine is as follows \Vhen the piston 16 is at its lowest point of travel, assuming that a two cycle engine is being used, air will be interposed at a point adjacent the top of the piston after which upward movement of the piston will compress the air into the combustion chamber 9. At the time that the piston has reached the upper end of its stroke, the oil supply will function so as to overcome the valve in the valve chamber 17 with the result that oil will be forced through the passage 16 and through the nozzle 14 into the combustion chamber 9.

As the spray issuing from the nozzle moves downwardly toward the head of the piston a circulation of air in the combustion chamber will take place as indicated by the arrows, with the result that as the burning of the oil commences, fresh air will be brought to this point of burning resulting in a more eflicient combustion of the oil and consequently greater power from a. given amount of fuel will result.

The piston will now be drawn downwardly in the customary manner, after which the exhaust port will be opened and the exhaust gases will pass therefrom.

In the next cycle the same operation will take place, but it will be noted that the circulation of air above described will have cleaned out any burnt gases which may have become pocketed at a point adjacent the nozzle. Therefore, itwill be seen that it is impossible for the accumulation of any appreciable amount of burnt gas to exist within the combustion chamber at any given point. i

In a four cycle engine it is of course obvious that the air and exhaust ports will be mechanically operated, employing the customary valves common to four cycle engines.

It will thus be seen thatI have provided an efiicient and simple means for effecting a perfect combustion at a point adjacent the nozzle of an engine of the character described.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes relative to the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim In an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber formed therein, a jet positioned within said combustion chamber and extending thereinto a substantial distance,

the shape of said combustion chamber conforming to the shape of the spray issuing from said jet, the cross-sectional area of said chamber being greater than the cross-sectional area of. said spray so as to provide an air space surrounding said spray, the walls of said jet and the Walls of said combustion chamber joining. in such a manner as to form a semi-circular cavity at all points around said jet.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

PAUL LEO J OSLYN. 

